Q:5) What are the characteristics of the following graphics file formats:
- Bitmap
- GIF
- PNG
- JPEG
- XCF
- PSD
- SVG

Ans 5) The characteristics of the following are;

• Bitmap- Bitmap space management uses four bits inside each data block header to indicate the amount of available space in the data block. Unlike traditional space management with a fixedrelink and unlink threshold, bitmap space managements allow Oracle to compare the actual row space for an INSERT with the actual available space on the data block. This enables better reuse of the available free space especially for objects with rows of highly varying size.
• GIF- The characteristics of GIF result on the one hand from the limited number of colours and on the other hand from the lossless compression.
• PNG- the characteristics of PNG is that it has true Alpha Support with full 8-bit Alpha Channel
• JPEG- The characteristics of JPEG is that the data format is independent from resolution, aspect ratio and image contents.
  The quality of the representation is individually configurable. Decreasing the quality requirements results in a smaller file size. Image contents with a simple structure (monochromatic areas, regular patterns, a small amount of colours, etc.) lead automatically to smaller files. The reduction of the image quality becomes visible by compression artifacts in form of a "raster". The size of these structures is 8 x 8 pixels, which first appear within areas of high complexity. A reliable reproduction of colour information, e.g. for background colours, is not guaranteed at larger compression rates. The compression of monochromatic images (e.g. b/w graphics, technical drawings, etc.) result frequently in clearly perceptible compression artifacts.
• XCF-
• PSD- Position Sensitive Detector (PSD) is a position sensor utilizing the lateral photoelectric effect produced by the non-uniform illumination of a rectifying semiconductor junction. Recently, mostly researches of PSD focus on the linear requirements or response characters of PSD with p-n junction. However, this paper concentrates on a novel characteristics of PSD based on the Schottky junction.
• SVG-Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML specification and file format for describing two-dimensional vector graphics, both static and animated. SVG can be purely declarative or may include scripting. Images can contain hyperlinks using outbound simple XLinks

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